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Thanks vii

To the student viii

To the teacher x

Present and past

1 Present continuous (I am doing)

2 Present simple (I do)

3 Present continuous and present simple 1 (I am doing and I do)

4 Present continuous and present simple 2 (I am doing and I do)

5 Past simple (I did)

6 Past continuous (I was doing)

Present perfect and past

7 Present perfect 1 (I have done)

8 Present perfect 2 (I have done)

9 Present perfect continuous (I have been doing)

10 Present perfect continuous and simple (I have been doing and I have done)

11 how long have you (been) … ?

12 for and since when … ? and how long … ?

13 Present perfect and past 1 (I have done and I did)

14 Present perfect and past 2 (I have done and I did)

15 Past perfect (I had done)

16 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing)

17 have and have got

18 used to (do)

Future

19 Present tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future

20 I’m going to (do)

21 will and shall 1

22 will and shall 2

23 I will and I’m going to

24 will be doing and will have done

25 when I do and when I’ve done if and when

Modals

26 can, could and (be) able to

27 could (do) and could have (done)

28 must and can’t

29 may and might 1

30 may and might 2

31 have to and must

32 must mustn’t needn’t

33 should 1

34 should 2

35 I’d better… it’s time …

36 would

37 can/could/would you … ? etc. (Requests, offers, permission and invitations)

if and wish

38 if I do … and if I did …

39 if I knew … I wish I knew …

40 if I had known … I wish I had known …

41 wish

Passive

42 Passive 1 (is done / was done)

43 Passive 2 (be done / been done / being done)

44 Passive 3

45 it is said that … he is said to … he is supposed to …

46 have something done

Reported speech

47 Reported speech 1 (he said that …)

48 Reported speech 2

Questions and auxiliary verbs

49 Questions 1

50 Questions 2 (do you know where … ? / he asked me where …)

51 Auxiliary verbs (have/do/can etc.) I think so / I hope so etc.

52 Question tags (do you? isn’t it? etc.)

-ing and to …

53 Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing etc.)

54 Verb + to … (decide to … / forget to … etc.)

55 Verb (+ object) + to … (I want you to …)

56 Verb + -ing or to … 1 (remember, regret etc.)

57 Verb + -ing or to … 2 (try, need, help)

58 Verb + -ing or to … 3 (like / would like etc.)

59 prefer and would rather

60 Preposition (in/for/about etc.) + -ing

61 be/get used to … (I’m used to …)

62 Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing / insist on -ing etc.)

63 there’s no point in -ing, it’s worth -ing etc.

64 to …, for … and so that …

65 Adjective + to …

66 to … (afraid to do) and preposition + -ing (afraid of -ing)

67 see somebody do and see somebody doing

68 -ing clauses (He hurt his knee playing football.)

Articles and nouns

69 Countable and uncountable 1

70 Countable and uncountable 2

71 Countable nouns with a/an and some

72 a/an and the

73 the 1

74 the 2 (school / the school etc.)

75 the 3 (children / the children)

76 the 4 (the giraffe / the telephone / the old etc.)

77 Names with and without the 1

78 Names with and without the 2

79 Singular and plural

80 Noun + noun (a bus driver / a headache)

81 -‘s (your sister’s name) and of … (the name of the book)

Pronouns and determiners

82 myself/yourself/themselves etc.

83 a friend of mine / my own house / on my own / by myself

84 there … and it …

85 some and any

86 no/none/any / nothing/nobody etc.

87 much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty

88 all / all of / most / most of / no / none of etc.

89 both / both of / neither / neither of / either / either of

90 all every whole

91 each and every

Relative clauses

92 Relative clauses 1: clauses with who/that/which

93 Relative clauses 2: clauses with and without who/that/which

94 Relative clauses 3: whose/whom/where

95 Relative clauses 4: extra information clauses (1)

96 Relative clauses 5: extra information clauses (2)

97 -ing and -ed clauses (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)

Adjectives and adverbs

98 Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.)

99 Adjectives: a nice new house, you look tired

100 Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly)

101 Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well, fast, late, hard/hardly)

102 so and such

103 enough and too

104 quite, pretty, rather and fairly

105 Comparative 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.)

106 Comparative 2 (much better / any better etc.)

107 Comparative 3 (as … as / than)

108 Superlative (the longest, the most enjoyable etc.)

109 Word order 1: verb + object; place and time

110 Word order 2: adverbs with the verb

111 still / any more / yet / already

112 even

Conjunctions and prepositions

113 although / though / even though / in spite of / despite

114 in case

115 unless / as long as / provided

116 as (as I walked … / as I was … etc.)

117 like and as

118 like / as if

119 during / for / while

120 by and until / by the time …

Prepositions

121 at/on/in (time)

122 on time and in time / at the end and in the end

123 in/at/on (position) 1

124 in/at/on (position) 2

125 in/at/on (position) 3

126 to, at, in and into

127 in/on/at (other uses)

128 by

129 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.)

130 Adjective + preposition 1

131 Adjective + preposition 2

132 Verb + preposition 1 to and at

133 Verb + preposition 2 about/for/of/after

134 Verb + preposition 3 about and of

135 Verb + preposition 4 of/for/from/on

136 Verb + preposition 5 in/into/with/to/on

Phrasal verbs

137 Phrasal verbs 1 Introduction

138 Phrasal verbs 2 in/out

139 Phrasal verbs 3 out

140 Phrasal verbs 4 on/off (1)

141 Phrasal verbs 5 on/off (2)

142 Phrasal verbs 6 up/down

143 Phrasal verbs 7 up (1)

144 Phrasal verbs 8 up (2)

145 Phrasal verbs 9 away/back

Appendix 1 Regular and irregular verbs 292

Appendix 2 Present and past tenses 294

Appendix 3 The future 295

Appendix 4 Modal verbs (can/could/will/would etc.) 296

Appendix 5 Short forms (I’m / you’ve / didn’t etc.) 297

Appendix 6 Spelling 298

Appendix 7 American English 300

Additional exercises 302

Study guide 326

Key to Exercises 336

Key to Additional exercises 368

Key to Study guide 372

Index 373

Mastering the Mechanics: A Comprehensive Review of the World’s Most Trusted Grammar Guide

Introduction: The Gold Standard of English Learning

When it comes to mastering the English language, few resources carry as much weight and authority as this definitive grammar guide. Often referred to as the “Bible of English Grammar,” this book has helped millions of learners transition from basic communication to near-native fluency.

It is not just a textbook; it is a meticulously structured architectural map of the English language, designed to simplify the complex and clarify the confusing.

What Kind of Book Is This?

This is a comprehensive self-study reference and practice manual for intermediate to advanced learners. Unlike traditional academic texts that overwhelm readers with dense linguistic jargon, this book follows a highly intuitive “dual-page” format: clear, concise explanations of grammar rules on the left-hand page, paired with targeted, practical exercises on the right.

With 145 units covering everything from the nuances of the Present Perfect to the complexities of Phrasal Verbs, it serves as an all-in-one linguistic toolkit.

Who Is the Ideal Reader?

This book is specifically engineered for those who are serious about their linguistic precision. It is the perfect fit for:

Intermediate to Advanced Learners (B1-C2): Those who have a foundation but struggle with the “gray areas” of grammar.
Test-Day Candidates: Students preparing for the TOEFL, IELTS, or Cambridge exams who need to eliminate persistent errors and maximize their scores.
International Professionals: Business leaders and academics who must produce flawless written reports and deliver authoritative presentations.
The Self-Optimizer: Anyone who wants a reliable, go-to reference to resolve “How do I say this correctly?” moments in seconds.

Detailed Review: Why This Book Is a Masterpiece

1. Unrivaled Structural Clarity

The genius of this book lies in its modularity. You don’t need to read it from cover to cover. The Study Guide at the back allows you to self-diagnose your weaknesses. If you struggle with Relative Clauses or Phrasal Verbs, you can jump straight to Units 92 or 137. This “on-demand” learning style respects the reader’s time and focuses on immediate results.

2. Mastering the Nuances of Communication

Most books tell you how to form a tense; this book tells you why to use it. It explores the subtle shifts in meaning between “I did” and “I have done,” or the difference between “I’m used to doing” and “I used to do.” By focusing on these nuances, the book transforms you from a “functional speaker” into a “sophisticated communicator.”

3. The Comprehensive “Appendix” Power

Beyond the 145 units, the appendices are a goldmine for learners. From a detailed breakdown of Regular and Irregular Verbs to a specific comparison of American vs. British English, the book anticipates every possible hurdle a student might face. The inclusion of a dedicated section on Spelling and Short Forms ensures that your informal communication is just as polished as your formal writing.

4. Practical, Real-World Application

The exercises aren’t just “fill-in-the-blank” chores. They are designed to mirror real-life conversations, hospital scenarios, business meetings, and social interactions. By the time you reach the Additional Exercises section (page 302), the grammar has moved from your short-term memory into your “linguistic muscle memory.”

The Verdict: Why You Must Read It

You should read this book because it takes the “guesswork” out of English. We live in a globalized world where your level of English often determines your professional ceiling. This book provides the “X-ray vision” necessary to decode academic papers, the confidence to lead international negotiations, and the precision to write with absolute clarity.